The Effect of Carbon Dioxide Partial Molal Volume on Beer Density. Hugo Patino, Ernst A. Kemper, Robert Lincoln, and Walter L. Michener, Coors Brewing Co., Golden, CO 80401. J. Am. Soc. Brew. Chem. 49:0023, 1991.

The influence of carbonation on beer density determinations is discussed. The relationship between beer density and CO₂ partial molal volume (PMV) was derived and showed that the current European Brewing Convention density equation is equivalent to a PMV of 0.65 ml/g. Density predictions from the general formulas were verified by a computer program that uses published physical properties of beer components. An apparatus for the experimental determination of CO₂ PMV is presented; duplicate runs with light and regular beers resulted in a PMV of 0.8 ml/g. Similar experiments with malt liquor showed a PMV of 0.69 ml/g. New equations or correction factors are proposed assuming a beer carbonation level of 0.8 v/v, after normal degassing.

Keywords: Carbon dioxide, Density, Partial molal volume